Terrestrial tree biomass and carbon stock for forests of Thimphu district, western Bhutan Himalaya

Abstract

Biomass and carbon stock for forests of Thimphu district in western Bhutan were assessed using non-destructive methods where woody stem ≥ 10 cm diameter at breast height (DBH) and tree height were used as inputs.  Volumetric equations with variables DBH and tree height found to be the best for biomass calculation and hence used in the present study. Carbon stock was calculated by multiplying constant factor 0.5 to biomass. Results showed carbon stock varied in different tree species. Pinus wallichiana contributed maximum biomass and carbon stock with 171.6 Mgha^-1 and 85.85 MgCha^-1 respectively. The least in Eucalyptus robusta and Salix babylonica with 0.004 Mgha^-1 and 0.002 MgCha^-1 each. Forests which had more anthropogenic disturbances recorded with low biomass and carbon density. Biomass assessment would assist to understand sustainable forest management and its role in carbon cycle. Forests of Thimphu district has potential to increase biomass accumulation and carbon stock if anthropogenic disturbances such as illegal harvest are reduced in addition to forest ecosystem managements.